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12 Jan 2006 - 18:01

Steve and Susan on spiral curricula


from Steve:

Spiraling

"... nothing will be taught to mastery ..."

Mastery requires grade-level expectations.

Mastery requires practice.

Mastery requires testing.

Spiraling (as it is applied in these cases) is used to avoid mastery (a.k.a. Drill and Kill)

Spiraling is used as a pedagogical excuse for social promotion. (no tracking and no holding kids back either) This is OK, because they think that there is no linkage between mastery and understanding. They think that everything will work out in the end. They want their pedagogy and eat it too.

Please note that this is not what I would call spiraling, which is a fine technique for both learning and solving problems. Sometimes, when a design project is very large (building, bridge, car, ship), you cannot start at point A and go to point B to finish the design. You start with a conceptual design phase, spiral around through a preliminary design phase (same analysis, but with more details), and then go on to a detailed design phase. It's called a design spiral. (each step of which could involve a complex calculation that is done using only one BEST algorithm) Problem solving in the real world is so much more complex than any silly talk of only one answer or many ways of doing things.

I think that educators have "mastered" the art of saying whatever sounds good just to do whatever they want. They argue with generalities, but they get to define the details. They do not want you to see the details!





and, from Susan J —

Spiral learning isn't over-learning, it is just repeated under-learning.

I'm going to be quoting that a lot.



update: it's not spiraling, it's painting a room

Ed says the real metaphor should be painting a room.

Constructivists think it's like putting on several coats of paint.

The first coat is thin and everything shows through; the second coat covers better; the third coat is final and the room looks right.



from Doug:

Under-learned spiralling is like painting a room with a thin coat of paint that isn't washable. Then living in the room for a year, while washing the walls regularly. Then painting another coat of non-washable paint on the walls.

After a few repetitions, there might be a few places where the paint is thick enough to cover, but in most places it's been washed off enough that you can still see the 1930s wallpaper underneath.





my thoughts exactly

Actually, this is something I've been thinking about for a full two days now.

I'd like to know what the actual time-cost is in a spiraling (spiralling?) curriculum.

Engelmann talks about teachers placing kids nearly half a year behind in the sequence each fall.

The meta-analysis of research on summer regression found 1 month loss.

I'm betting that in actual practice Engelmann is closer to the mark. With a spiraling curriculum very little is taught to mastery, and no formative assessment is done, which means teachers down the line have no idea which students have mastered what prerequisite skills — and which probably also means that while most students have managed to master something, what that something is will vary.

Basically, you have Prerequisite Chaos (except for the fact that a math teacher can count on nobody knowing a thing about fractions).

Sounds like there's a multiplier effect in there somewhere.

A couple of them.


Mike Feinberg of KIPP on spiral curricula
Steve and Susan J on spiral curricula
acceleration versus remediation
parents' stories about spiralling curricula

some books that have changed my life
the answer to all of Doug's problems
productivity question
what is an hour? Time Timers
my Time Timer came - how long is a nap?
Time Timer says no!



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Wow! I'm honored.

I'm a software developer and I agree with Steve that true spiralling [can be spelled either way] is a powerful technique.

If you applied it correctly to learning I think you'd do something like adding one-digit problems and then a formative assessment to see where students are having problems -- might even be handwriting -- and then, after solving the difficulties, you'd spiral back around to two-digit problems and so forth. The good idea behind spiral development is that you can't completely understand a problem or know where the difficulties like without running through it.

But it does not mean going lightly over a bunch of unrelated problems without solving any of them.

-- SusanJ - 12 Jan 2006


Susan

I'm a software developer and I agree with Steve that true spiralling [can be spelled either way] is a powerful technique.

Oh absolutely.

I don't think, offhand, that you can have serious learning without spiraling in the real sense of the term.

You always need to be connecting new knowledge, concepts, and skills to the ones you already have.....

-- CatherineJohnson - 12 Jan 2006


Ed says the real metaphor should be painting a room.

Constructivists think it's like putting on several coats of paint.

The first coat is thin and everything shows through; the second coat covers better; the third coat is final and the room looks right.

I think that's a far better image for what they really have in mind — except that it doesn't remotely work that way in real life.

In real life, since constructivists are doing NO formative assessment, they have no idea what the first, second, or third coats look like & whether there are huge swathes of the wall they missed.

-- CatherineJohnson - 12 Jan 2006


Under-learned spiralling is like painting a room with a thin coat of paint that isn't washable. Then living in the room for a year, while washing the walls regularly. Then painting another coat of non-washable paint on the walls.

After a repititions, there might be a few places where the paint is thick enough to cover, but in most places it's been washed off enough that you can still see the 1930s wallpaper underneath.

-- DougSundseth - 12 Jan 2006


that isn't washable

I love it!

-- CatherineJohnson - 12 Jan 2006


I have a different view of spiraling. My son, who loves math, and has an instinctive feel for it, spirals instinctively, that is, he will explore a topic for a while, then move on to something else, then, after some time, days, weeks, or even months, he'll return to the same topic, and consider it from a different angle.

I have often thought that the designers of spiral curricula wish to emulate this process. If so, however, they missed a crucial point; the gifted kids who do this instinctively don't leave a topic until they understand whatever they're exploring at that time. They may not understand all aspects of fractions at once, but they DO understand whichever facet of the topic caught their attention. They also remember things very well, so, later, they can return to a topic, pick out a new facet to consider, and, when they've sucked the juice out of it, (to mix metaphors), they plunk it down in place next to the other facets they grasped earlier. They accrete layers of mastery, if you will, over time.

They emphatically do not leave a topic which they do not yet understand.

-- KtmGuest - 13 Jan 2006


My impression is that spiralling in curricula is simply a face-saving excuse for teachers to tell others and themselves when their kids fail to learn to mastery, or even to do well on the unit test.

The problem is that the Day Of Mastery never comes, with curricula like Everyday Math and Trailblazers. There is always next year.

-- CarolynJohnston - 13 Jan 2006